Bipolar Disorder and Sleep
Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterised by extreme mood swings, from emotional highs (mania or hypomania) to lows (depression). One of the most common and disruptive symptoms associated with bipolar disorder is sleep disturbance. Understanding this relationship is essential for effective management and improved quality of life.
How Bipolar Disorder Affects Sleep
- During Mania: Individuals may sleep very little, feeling energised and restless, sometimes going days with minimal rest.
- During Depression: Oversleeping, difficulty waking, or experiencing non-restorative sleep is common.
- Sleep Cycle Disruption: Irregular sleep patterns can trigger mood episodes and worsen symptoms.
Why Sleep Is Crucial for Bipolar Management
Sleep plays a vital role in mood regulation, cognitive function, and overall mental health. Disrupted sleep can exacerbate bipolar symptoms, increase irritability, and reduce the effectiveness of treatment.
Tips for Improving Sleep with Bipolar Disorder
- Maintain a Regular Sleep Schedule: Go to bed and wake up at the same time daily.
- Create a Calming Night Routine: Engage in relaxing activities before bed, such as light reading or meditation.
- Limit Stimulants: Reduce caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol intake, especially in the evening.
- Manage Light Exposure: Get daylight exposure in the morning and limit screen time before bed.
- Seek Professional Help: A psychiatrist or sleep specialist can help develop a personalised treatment plan.
Medical Approaches
- Medications: Mood stabilisers, antipsychotics, or sleep aids may be prescribed.
- Therapies: Cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) can be effective.
- Monitoring: Keeping a sleep diary helps identify patterns and triggers.
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