Sexual Health and Menopause: Understanding the Connection
From Ichhori (Feb 2023), enhanced with trusted health insights.
Common Sexual Health Changes After Menopause
- Low libido: Declines in estrogen and testosterone often lead to reduced sexual desire. (I Scavello, et al.)
- Poor lubrication & dryness: Affects up to 30%–more, causing discomfort during intimacy. (I Scavello, et al. and GSM research)
- Pain during sex (dyspareunia): Often a result of thinning vaginal tissues and dryness. (GSM literature)
Why These Changes Occur
The drop in estrogen leads to thinning, drier, less elastic vaginal tissues (Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause or GSM), heightening discomfort and lowering sexual enjoyment. (Atrophic Vaginitis / GSM overview)
Supporting Intimacy & Pleasure
- Lifestyle and emotional support: Slower physical intimacy, open communication with partners, managing fatigue and mood—especially during perimenopause and beyond—can help. (The Guardian)
- Use lubricants and moisturizers: OTC products can ease dryness and friction. (Vaginal lubrication guidance)
- Medical therapies:
- Low-dose vaginal estrogen is highly effective for dryness and pain. (Vaginal estrogen therapies)
- Ospemifene (a non‑estrogen SERM) helps reduce sexual pain when hormonal treatments aren’t ideal. (Ospemifene)
- Hormone replacement (including testosterone): Can improve libido and arousal when tailored appropriately. (HRT overview)
Creating a Supportive Approach
Addressing sexual wellness during menopause requires a well-rounded strategy—physical treatments, emotional support, and education all play key roles.