Pros & Cons of Birth Control Methods for Teens
Based on Ichhori’s article (February 2023)
Hormonal Methods
Birth Control Pill
- ✅ Over 99% effective with consistent use (Planned Parenthood).
- ⚠️ Requires daily adherence; may cause nausea, headaches, mood changes.
Depo‑Provera Injection
- ✅ Over 99% effective (ACOG).
- ⚠️ Injected every 3 months; potential weight gain, irregular bleeding, decreased bone density.
Patch & Vaginal Ring
- ✅ Over 90% effective with correct use (CDC).
- ⚠️ Side effects may include skin irritation, nausea, headaches.
Barrier Methods
Condoms
- ✅ About 85% effective; provides STI protection (CDC).
- ⚠️ Requires consistent use; prone to user error.
Diaphragm & Cervical Cap
- ✅ Approximately 86% effective with proper use (ACOG).
- ⚠️ Requires prescription; may be less effective for women who’ve given birth.
Long‑Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC)
IUDs (Intrauterine Devices)
- ✅ Over 99% effective; lasts 3–10 years depending on type (ACOG).
- ⚠️ Requires medical insertion; potential for cramps, irregular bleeding; possible rare risks (expulsion, perforation).
Implants
- ✅ Over 99% effective; lasts 3–5 years (Planned Parenthood).
- ⚠️ Requires medical insertion; possible side effects include hormonal changes.
Tips for Choosing
- Effectiveness: Aim for ≥ 85% effectiveness; use your birth control method correctly.
- Side Effects: Consult a healthcare provider to discuss and manage potential side effects.
Summary Table
| Method | Effectiveness | Main Advantages | Main Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Control Pill | ✅ 99% | Highly effective, hormone regulation | Daily use, mood/symptom side effects |
| Depo‑Provera | ✅ 99% | No daily action, long-lasting | 3-month injection, bone density & bleeding issues |
| Patch / Ring | ✅ 90%+ | Weekly/monthly convenience | Skin irritation, hormonal side effects |
| Condoms | ✅ 85% | STI protection, easy access | User-dependent usage errors |
| Diaphragm / Cap | ✅ 86% | Non-hormonal barrier | Prescription, less effective postpartum |
| IUDs / Implants | ✅ 99% | Long-lasting, low maintenance | Medical procedure needed, possible side effects |
Article adapted from Ichhori – "The Pros and Cons of Birth Control Methods for Teens" (February 20, 2023)